Spring是用注解和XML结合的方式配置事务并实现简单的增删查改功能以及模拟转账功能

1.XML配置虽然比较复杂但是更加灵活，而注解配置虽然比价简单，但是灵活性不够，在实际的开发项目中我们更加倾向于是用注解和XML配置相结合的方式进行对项目的配置。之前笔者分别是用纯XML进行配置Spring的事务使用Spring的事务管理器配置数据库的事务和Spring使用纯注解配置事务管理并实现简单的增删查改以及模拟转账功能，这两种方式都能够实现对Spring事务的控制，不过两者均存在着一定的优缺点，所以两者结合起来更加简单灵活。
2.搭建项目。
2.1创建数据库以及数据表Account。

create database if not exists springdemo;
use springdemo;
create table if not exists Account(id int(4) auto_increment primary key,name varchar(16) not null,password varchar(16) not null,age int(3) ,createtime datetime default now(),money int(8));

2.2在idea中建立maven工程。

2.3在pom.xml中引入必须的依赖文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springdemo_tx_annotationAndXML</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--        引入Spring依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入MySQL依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入c3p0依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        引入测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

2.4创建数据库连接配置文件db.properties

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdemo?serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.name=root
jdbc.password=root
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

3.编写entity，dao,service包下的代码
3.1编写实体类

package entity;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Classname:Account
 *
 * @description:
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:33
 * @Version: 1.0
 **/
@Repository("account")
@Scope("prototype")
public class Account {
    //用户主键ID
    private int id;
    //用户名
    private String name;
    //用户密码
    private String password;
    //用户年龄
    private int age;
    //用户创建时间
    private Date createTime ;
    //用户的余额
    private int money;

    public int getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(int money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", createTime=" + createTime +
                ", monney=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

实体类Account是多例对象，所以要把@Scope("prototype")声明出来，如果不声明，默认是单例对象。
3.2编写持久层dao的接口以及实现类

package dao;

import entity.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Classname:springdemo3
 *
 * @description:{description}
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:32
 */
public interface AccountDao {
    /**
     * @Description :保存用户
     * @Date 11:51 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param account ：
     * @return boolean
     **/
    public boolean saveAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * @Description :更新用户
     * @Date 11:51 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param newAccount ：
     * @return boolean
     **/
    public boolean updateAccount(Account newAccount);
    /**
     * @Description :通过ID删除用户
     * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param id ：
     * @return boolean
     **/
    public boolean deleteAccountById(int id);
    /**
     * @Description :通过ID查询用户
     * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param id ：
     * @return entity.Account
     **/
    public Account findAccountById(int id);
    /**
     * @Description :查找所有用户
     * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param  ：
     * @return java.util.List<entity.Account>
     **/
    public List<Account> findAll();
}

package dao;

import entity.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Classname:AccountDaoImpl
 *
 * @description:AccountDao的实现类
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:32
 * @Version: 1.0
 **/
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
    //用于进行MySQL增删查改，自动注入JdbcTemplate
    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = null;
   /**
    * @Description :保存用户
    * @Date 12:17 2020/8/9 0009
    * @Param * @param newAccount ：
    * @return boolean
    **/
    public boolean saveAccount(Account newAccount) {
            return jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account(name,password,age,createTIme,money) values(?,?,?,?,?)",
                    newAccount.getName(),newAccount.getPassword(),
                    newAccount.getAge(),newAccount.getCreateTime(),newAccount.getMoney())== 1;
    }
  /**
   * @Description :更新用户
   * @Date 12:18 2020/8/9 0009
   * @Param * @param newAccount ：
   * @return boolean
   **/
    public boolean updateAccount(Account newAccount) {
            return jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=?,password=?,age=?,createTime=?,money=? where id=?",
                    newAccount.getName(),newAccount.getPassword(),
                    newAccount.getAge(),newAccount.getCreateTime(),newAccount.getMoney(),newAccount.getId())==1;
    }
  /**
   * @Description :通过ID删除用户
   * @Date 12:18 2020/8/9 0009
   * @Param * @param id ：
   * @return boolean
   **/
    public boolean deleteAccountById(int id) {
            return jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where id=?",id) == 1;
    }
/**
 * @Description :通过ID查询用户
 * @Date 11:02 2020/8/9 0009
 * @Param * @param id ：
 * @return entity.Account
 **/
    public Account findAccountById(int id) {
            List<Account> list = jdbcTemplate.query("select* from account where id=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class), id);
            if (list.isEmpty()){
                return  null;
            }
            if (list.size()==1){
                return list.get(0);
            }
            return  null;

    }
/**
 * @Description :查询所有哟用户
 * @Date 11:01 2020/8/9 0009
 * @Param * @param  ：
 * @return java.util.List<entity.Account>
 **/
    public List<Account> findAll() {
            return jdbcTemplate.query("select* from account",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));
    }

}

3.3编写业务逻辑的接口以及实现类

package service;

import entity.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Classname:springdemo3
 *
 * @description:{description}
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:35
 */
public interface AccountService {
        /**
         * @Description :保存用户
         * @Date 11:51 2020/8/9 0009
         * @Param * @param account ：
         * @return boolean
         **/
        public boolean saveAccount(Account account);
        /**
         * @Description :更新用户
         * @Date 11:51 2020/8/9 0009
         * @Param * @param newAccount ：
         * @return boolean
         **/
        public boolean updateAccount(Account newAccount);
        /**
         * @Description :通过ID删除用户
         * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
         * @Param * @param id ：
         * @return boolean
         **/
        public boolean deleteAccountById(int id);
        /**
         * @Description :通过ID查询用户
         * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
         * @Param * @param id ：
         * @return entity.Account
         **/
        public Account findAccountById(int id);
        /**
         * @Description :查找所有用户
         * @Date 11:52 2020/8/9 0009
         * @Param * @param  ：
         * @return java.util.List<entity.Account>
         **/
        public List<Account> findAll();
   /**
    * @Description :从用户ID为sourceId的用户向用户ID为targetId的用户转账money
    * @Date 11:55 2020/8/9 0009
    * @Param * @param sourceId
    * @param targetId
    * @param money ：
    * @return boolean
    **/
    public boolean tranferMoney(int sourceId,int targetId,int money);
}

package service;
import dao.AccountDao;
import entity.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
/**
 * Classname:AccountServiceImpl
 * @description:
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:35
 * @Version: 1.0
 **/
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    //用户数据可访问的Dao接口，自动注入AccountDao
    @Autowired
    private AccountDao accountDao;
    /**
     * @Description :方便在配置文件中注入AccountDao的实现了AccountDaoImpl
     * @Date 12:21 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param accountDao ：
     * @return void
     **/
    public boolean saveAccount(Account account) {
        return accountDao.saveAccount(account);
    }

    public boolean updateAccount(Account newAccount) {
        return accountDao.updateAccount(newAccount);
    }

    public boolean deleteAccountById(int id) {
        return accountDao.deleteAccountById(id);
    }

    public Account findAccountById(int id) {
        return accountDao.findAccountById(id);
    }

    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return accountDao.findAll();
    }
    /**
     * @Description :从用户ID为sourceId的用户向用户ID为targetId的用户转账money
     * @Date 11:55 2020/8/9 0009
     * @Param * @param sourceId
     * @param targetId
     * @param money ：
     * @return boolean
     **/

    public boolean tranferMoney(int sourceId, int targetId, int money) {
           //获取sourceId对应的用户
            Account sourceAccount = this.findAccountById(sourceId);
        //获取targetId对应的用户
            Account targetAccount = this.findAccountById(targetId);
            //转账失败
            if (sourceAccount == null || targetAccount == null) {
                return  false;
            }
            //转账者扣去转账的金额
            sourceAccount.setMoney(sourceAccount.getMoney() -money);
            //目标对象加上获取的转账金额
            targetAccount.setMoney(targetAccount.getMoney()+money);
            //更新转账者的账户
        boolean b = this.updateAccount(sourceAccount);
        //模拟异常
        int i = 1/0;
        //更新转账目标者的账户
        boolean b1 = this.updateAccount(targetAccount);
            return  b == true && b1 == true;

    }
}

4.编写测试代码

package test;

import entity.Account;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import service.AccountService;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Classname:AccountTest
 *
 * @description:
 * @author: 陌意随影
 * @Date: 2020-08-01 17:39
 * @Version: 1.0
 **/
public class AccountTest {
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    private  AccountService accountService;
    @BeforeEach
    public void init(){

        applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        System.out.println("启动");
    }
    @AfterEach
    public void destroy(){

    }
    @Test
    public  void testSave(){
        Account account = applicationContext.getBean("account", Account.class);
        account.setAge(434);
        account.setName("李四");
        account.setPassword("打个卡的撒老顾客");
        account.setCreateTime(new Date());
        account.setMoney(1000);
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        boolean fla = accountService.saveAccount(account);
        System.out.println("插入用户："+fla);
    }
    @Test
    public  void testUpdate(){
        Account account = applicationContext.getBean("account", Account.class);
        account.setAge(77);
        account.setName("站干啥");
        account.setPassword("54545");
        account.setCreateTime(new Date());
        account.setId(3);
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        boolean fla = accountService.updateAccount(account);
        System.out.println("更新用户："+fla);
    }
    @Test
    public  void testDelete(){
        Account account = applicationContext.getBean("account", Account.class);
        account.setId(5);
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        boolean fla = accountService.deleteAccountById(account.getId());
        System.out.println("删除用户："+fla);
    }
    @Test
    public  void  testFindOne(){
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        Account account1 = accountService.findAccountById(6);
        System.out.println("查找单个用户"+account1);
    }
    @Test
    public void  testFindAll(){
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        List<Account> accountList = accountService.findAll();
        for (Account a :accountList) {
            System.out.println(a);

        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testTran(){
        //获取没有经过事务管理的普通AccountServiceImpl
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        accountService.tranferMoney(3,6,100);
    }
}

5.配置bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--    扫描包下的类-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="dao"></context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="service"></context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="entity"></context:component-scan>
<!--    引入资源文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!--    配置jdbcTemplate-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<!--        注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
<!--    配置c3p0数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--        用户名-->
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
<!--        数据库驱动-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<!--        密码-->
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<!--        URL-->
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    </bean>

<!--    配置事务管理器-->
   <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--       注入数据源-->
       <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"> </property>
   </bean>
    <!--    配置事务通知 -->
    <tx:advice id="transactionInterceptor" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--     配置事务的属性   -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--        配置方法的属性，其中“*”表示任意，比如说save*表示以save开头的所有方法，比如saveAccount,saveUser等。。-->
            <tx:method name="tranferMoney" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="save*" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false"></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="update*" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false"></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="delete*"  isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false"></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="find*" isolation="DEFAULT"  read-only="true" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
<!--    配置aop-->
    <aop:config>
<!--        配置切入点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pt" expression="execution(*  *service.AccountServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
<!--        建立切入点表达式和事务通知的对应关系-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="transactionInterceptor"  pointcut-ref="pt"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

6.配置完成，可以直接进行测试了。

本次测试源代码已经上传到个人博客的服务器，如有需要请自行移步下载：http://moyisuiying.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/springdemo_tx_annotationAndXML.rar